The concept of the Industrial Revolution

The Industrial Revolution

The Industrial Revolution are events that hang in the economy and society from the second half of the eighteenth century until the end of the first half of the nineteenth century; Where it included research and experiments in all branches of science, which in turn led to many inventions and discoveries, and the work is with machines instead of the hands of scientists. This revolution had a major impact on economic and social life, whether in Europe or other countries.

The beginning of its emergence and spread

The Industrial Revolution appeared in the United Kingdom in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, with the invention of the steam engine, then it moved to western European countries and then to the whole world. England was the first country for the emergence of the economic revolution for several reasons, including: It was an economic powerhouse, and a position Geo-strategic, as it was isolated from problems. For these reasons, it surpassed the invention of industrial machines. Soon, these inventions spread to most European countries, and by the end of the nineteenth century they spread throughout the world.

Results of the Industrial Revolution

• Economic results: It led to the establishment of a capitalist economic system based on freedom of work and exchanges, and the emergence of productive institutions that contributed to economic development, which led to improving the living conditions of people, and the urban movement flourished, and industrial production increased dramatically due to the development of equipment, machines and new technologies used. The cost of production, new industries appeared and agricultural investment expanded. Agriculture has turned into an effective element in the development of industry, because it provided basic needs and materials, which increased the level of production, and the state had to secure foreign markets to promote its surpluses abroad.

• The social consequences: they wiped out the old society, and new societies emerged that led to the emergence of two classes, the bourgeoisie of the owners of industrial, commercial and banking institutions. In cities and those coming from the countryside in search of work in factories, the Industrial Revolution also eliminated family ties and social and economic solidarity.

• Political results: as the constitutional principles that granted workers and women the right to vote were applied, political parties emerged that defend workers' interests and participate in political life, competition intensified between industrialized countries to control raw materials and foreign markets, and the world was divided into a dominant and dominant section represented by industrialized countries, and an exploited section He is represented by the countries of Africa, Asia and South America.

• Cultural results: Cultural life became active through its centers that spread in Europe, and the city affected the life of the individual who took from it what it provides for him from the reasons for learning and culture, and this contributed to raising the level of awareness.